Boomer Brain Drain: The Big Mistake Employers Are Making
Why many older workers aren't passing the torch when they retire, they're dropping it
A few weeks back, I wrote a blog post called “Retirement: Employers Just Don’t Get It” about surveys showing that employers are dismissing the dire financial circumstances of many older workers and the eagerness many older employees have to keep working. Now, another survey painfully demonstrates how poorly employers are doing responding to the boomer brain drain.
The boomer brain drain is the growing trend of boomer workers retiring and employers failing to have a succession plan, or knowledge transfer plan, in place. When many of these boomers leave, they take with them institutional knowledge and names of key contacts; these can be extremely useful to the workers (usually younger ones) who’ll take over for the retirees.
Knowledge Transfer From Retiring Boomers: Not Happening Much
Why this matters: 4 million boomers a year leave the workforce and boomers comprise 31 percent of workers; 56 percent of retiring boomers are in leadership positions. That’s a lot of knowledge to go pfffft.
Employment experts refer to this type of knowledge as “tribal knowledge” or “tacit knowledge.” As Dorothy Leonard, a Harvard Business School professor and co-founder of the consulting firm Leonard-Barton Group told The Chicago Tribune: it’s “stuff in your head that’s never been written down, never been documented. Maybe you’ve never articulated it.”
And, as the new survey of 1,500 boomers by Express Employment Professionals (a major North America staffing company) found, few employers are asking for this knowledge before boomers walk out the door for the last time. They’re not passing the torch; they’re dropping it.
What a Boomer Survey Found
According to the survey:
- 57 percent of boomers have shared half or less of the knowledge needed to perform their job responsibilities with those who will assume them after they retire
- 21 percent have shared none of their knowledge
- Only 18 percent have shared all of their knowledge
“Such a poor transfer of knowledge was surprising to us,” said Bill Stoller, CEO of Express Employment Professionals. “You’ve got to have a process in place to have someone follow in the footsteps of someone retiring. It doesn’t appear companies are thinking about that. We’re hoping the survey will be a wake-up call to American business.”
This survey echoes an earlier one of 2,403 retirees by Transamerica Center for Retirement Studies. In that one, only 4 percent of retirees said their employers encouraged employees to participate in succession planning, training and mentoring.
Paul Rupert, founder of Respectful Exits, a new initiative aiming to get employers to better serve retiring boomers, found the Express Employment Professionals survey results maddening, if not surprising. (His organization just launched ThePhazer, a tool to help empower older workers to get phased retirements and flexible work hours from their employers.)
“What is described as the systematic failure of companies to mine their pre-retirees for critical knowledge and intellectual property is part of a general failure to appreciate the value of who and what is walking out the door of today’s knowledge-based employers,” Rupert said. “Wasting the talents of a whole generation and crippling the potential effectiveness of the next cohort precludes the kind of creative win-win solutions that our economy and contributors need.”
Boomers: Willing to Mentor
It’s not that boomers wouldn’t pass along information and insights they have, if asked.
A striking 81 percent of the boomers surveyed by Express Employment Professionals say they are willing to mentor the next generation.
And younger workers like being mentored: In a recent AARP survey, 79 percent of workers age 18 to 29 said older workers give them the opportunity to learn new skills.
Who's Handling Knowledge Transfers Well
Not all employers are knowledge-transfer duds, of course.
Duke Energy, the largest regulated utility in the country, is taking the boomer brain drain seriously, with a variety of initiatives. The goal: to ensure younger workers learn what older ones have picked up over the years. Duke Energy managers have been asked to create knowledge-transfer plans for their team members closing in on retirement; some have shot videos to do so. New staffers sometimes shadow older ones, too.
An article on the SHRM (Society for Human Resource Management) site notes that Siemens, the U.S. subsidiary of the Germany-based global manufacturing and electronics firm Siemens AG, is also making knowledge transfer a priority. That makes sense: 34 percent of its employees are boomers and 43 percent are Gen Xers, coming up right behind them.
Siemens partnered with Clemson University to fund a three-year undergraduate research project to transfer institutional knowledge from its boomer workers to its millennials (who comprise 23 percent of its workforce). The company now combines job shadowing, mentoring and formal training. But “no more death by PowerPoint,” an HR exec told SHRM. Millennials, Siemens learned, don’t want to be talked to sitting in a conference room. They want a conversation.
GM has an internal mentor portal to help transfer wisdom. And Michelin North America offers senior employees phased retirements, allowing them to gradually wind down through part-time work, training younger staffers while they do.
Stoller said that his company has been working hard at knowledge transfer, too. For instance, one of its regional vice presidents was shadowed by a successor for six months before the VP retired in December. Another retiree there is being kept on payroll as a consultant for the next year or so. That way, the person taking over will be free to give the retiree a call anytime and the consultant will assist the firm when necessary.
“That’s what companies are going to have to do,” Stoller said. The sooner, the better, he added.
Include a retiree’s successor in meetings with key clients and vendors a long while before the retirement day comes. Have a succession plan procedure in place that all employees understand. Doing these kinds of things avoids that awful day when workers realize the only person who knows something or has a key business relationship is no longer employed with them and they're on their own.
What Boomers Say About Their Successors
The Express Employment Professionals survey also asked boomers how well they thought their successors would do following in their footsteps. Just 44 percent said their employer has an adequate successor to replace them; 54 percent were “at least somewhat confident” in millennials taking on their roles.
I asked Stoller whether he thought the boomers were right or whether they just had a puffed-up opinion of themselves, believing no one could do their work as well as them.
“Probably a little of both,” he joked. Stoller added, however, that despite what boomers said, millennials aren’t necessarily the ones who will succeed them.
There are many talented Gen Xers in the workforce too, younger than boomers but older than millennials and ready to take on new responsibilities. Gen Xers: so often sadly overlooked.